OVER VOLTAGE AND UNDER VOLTAGE LOAD PROTECTION

The objective of this project is to develop a protective system that will prevent electrical loads from being damaged by overvoltage and undervoltage. A voltage monitoring circuit is used in the system to continuously measure the supply voltage and compare it to predetermined safe limits. To avoid possible harm to electrical appliances, a relay mechanism disconnects the load if the voltage rises or falls outside of the designated range. Real-time feedback on voltage status is provided with an indication system, such as an alarm or LEDs. The circuit is appropriate for student-level applications due to its simplicity and great effectiveness. Response time, dependability, and overall performance are assessed through testing.